Ready to respond Firefighters brush up on hazmat-control techniques

By Martin B. Cassidy
Staff Writer

February 21, 2007

Four firefighters huddled around the gushing pipe, stopping leaks with special tape, clamps and wooden dowels to stem the flow of water during a simulated gasoline spill inside a building.

Firefighters rummaged through their toolboxes for a quick fix while their instructor, Timothy Regan, a former New York City hazardous materials specialist, reminded them to keep their cumbersome protective gloves on as if it were real.

"That's a real chemical agent," Regan said.

Fire Lt. Pat Gordiski said that while most spills of chemicals and other hazardous materials happen on Interstate 95, the exercise was worthwhile and challenging.

"Usually we deal with chemical spills on the highway or at the weigh station," said Gordiski, a state-certified safety officer and a 35-year veteran. "Your response depends on where it happens."

Yesterday at the Cos Cob Volunteer Fire Department, Greenwich firefighters began their annual hazardous material response training with New York City fire veterans, reviewing how to assess and mitigate releases and spills of chemical, biological, and other harmful agents.

"Sometimes you won't know because you won't have anything to go on," said Lt. John Berna, a commander for the New York City Fire Department's HAZMAT Unit 1. "If you can't identify it, you can try to classify what it is."

The training will continue throughout the week.

Firefighters also reviewed the universal system of symbols and numbers used on shipping containers to show a chemical's acidity, reactiveness, and other volatile qualities, which along with other visible evidence like vapors or bystander symptoms allows firefighters to make a wise response, Deputy Chief Thomas Zack said.

As Zack watched the firefighters become drenched while they worked to stop the leaks, he said in a real life case of a broken gas pipe they would likely pull back after several tries if unsuccessful and wait for the gas to be turned off.

In the meantime they would have cleared and secured the area to protect the public, he said.

"What we're working on here is task-driven skills like dexterity, problem solving, and using tools," Zack said. "In a situation like that you would work to stop it in one or two minutes unless there was an immediate threat to life."

To protect the environment and firefighters, fire officers directing personnel at spills and releases need to make quick calculations about the severity or extent of a spill, Zack said.

If a mistake is made, ill-equipped firefighters could be burned by acid or another chemical, or a harmful substance could be allowed to spread into sewers or waterways, Zack said.

In the event of highway spills, chemical haulers are federally required to have a document detailing what chemicals they are carrying and their various hazards to people, Zack said.

On board his truck Zack also has three computer databases on which he can quickly research chemicals and their potential threat, and supervisors immediately confer with state environmental officials about the incident.

"It's important because you need to know if your equipment is matched to the actual threat," Zack said. "Do we have the right metering equipment? If you have a chemical which is lethal at inhalation you're going to need the highest possible level of protection."

Yesterday firefighters also practiced "over packing" -- putting a leaking container inside a larger one to contain a spill.

Zack said in some cases the best firefighters can immediately do is prevent a spill from spreading or causing more damage.

For instance, sometimes a leaking drum inside a tractor-trailer is buried behind other containers, making it difficult to find the source and exposing firefighters to unacceptable safety risks, Zack said.

"What do you do?" Zack said. "You need a forklift to move 40 55-gallon drums. Sometimes you just have to foam up the truck and wait there."

Copyright © 2007, Southern Connecticut Newspapers, Inc.